What is sublimation
What does sublimated mean? It is a biological material from which water is extracted. The technological process is carried out as follows. Literally, according to physicists’ terminology, lyophilization is the transition of a substance from one state of aggregation to another, without an intermediate stage. The opposite phenomenon to sublimation, desublimation, can be observed in nature in the form of frost and hoarfrost. An example of sublimation under natural conditions is the evaporation (sublimation) of elemental iodine, a liquid alcohol tincture of which is found in every home medicine cabinet. Iodine in nature exists only in two states - solid and gaseous, and does not occur in the liquid phase under normal conditions.
What it is
In philosophy, the term “sublimation” is understood as a departure from base carnal goals to high social ones. A simple example is that sexual desire switches to religious or creative activity.
The definition is also considered in psychology. Sublimation refers to the appearance of internal tension, which is neutralized by redirecting energy in an approved direction. For example, a person has a violent streak and may work as a police officer.
In psychology, sublimation is an opportunity to move from destruction to constructiveness. People have instincts, but in order for them not to manifest themselves, it is necessary to redirect their aspirations in a safe direction.
Sublimation according to Freud is the transformation of sexual desire into something acceptable. He was prompted to do this by reading Heine’s books, which described the following case: one boy was very fond of torturing dogs, but then the child grew up and became a surgeon.
Freud believed that changes occurred due to changes in the psyche. Unlike animals, man lives in society, and he cannot follow his instincts: sexual and other.
Important! Transformation is not always expressed in positive changes; the opposite situation may also occur.
Sublimation according to Freud is a natural process that occurs unconsciously. In simple words, one thing is replaced by another. If there is no such mechanism, then the human nervous system will not withstand the overload.
The need for new methods of preserving biological materials
Initially, the need for long-term preservation of products arose among the military and doctors. It was about preserving donor blood in the form of dry plasma. The creation and preservation of vaccines, serums and blood does not allow the addition of preservatives.
The development of the space industry for the life support of spacecraft required new discoveries in methods for regenerating water from moisture-containing objects.
How to produce
The process of obtaining freeze-dried coffee is aimed at extracting the maximum amount of flavoring and aromatic substances from natural beans. Selected coffee beans are used for production - this guarantees a high-quality finished product.
The grains are first fried, gases are removed from them and ground to a powdery state. Then the grinding is poured into special sealed metal containers and boiled for several hours. The steam generated during cooking is directed through pipes. Along with the steam, essential oils are also released, which will later be needed to add flavor to the drink.
The resulting coffee mass is subjected to shock freezing, then vacuum removal of moisture occurs. This drying method makes the composition of the freeze-dried product closest to natural.
The thoroughly dried concentrate is crushed into small crystals.
At the last stage, the specific coffee taste and aroma are returned to the granules. To do this, they are soaked in essential oils in combination with additional flavors. Next, they are packaged in airtight packaging.
Coffee granules of the same size are considered an indicator of correct adherence to the preparation procedure. To visually see the quality, it is better to buy products in transparent jars.
Sublimation of berries and other plant fruits of the earth
Lyophilize or freeze-dry, what does this mean in relation to berries, fruits and vegetables? The same applies to all of the above. This is the transformation of a solid into a gas without passing through the liquid phase. The process is expensive because it requires a lot of energy. Fruits, vegetables and berries are more than half water. When sublimated in a vacuum chamber, it is completely removed, but first the fruits are quickly, in shock mode, frozen to a temperature of -100 to -190 degrees Celsius. When sharply frozen, the intracellular fluid turns into tiny crystals and does not rupture the cell membranes. During normal freezing, the liquid expands and violates the integrity of the space in which it is contained. Freeze-dried is a product that has been freed from water, but has retained its beneficial substances and properties. Moreover, with such drying, it completely retains its shape, color and smell.
Sublimated does not mean unnatural
Today, freeze-dried foods are becoming increasingly popular. First you need to understand what sublimation is? In physics, this means the transition of a substance from a solid to a gaseous state.
For this to happen with water, low pressure and low temperature are necessary. The technology of sublimation has been known for a long time: for example, representatives of ancient tribes left fish in the sun, thanks to which it dried completely and could be safely stored indoors, while remaining a nutritious and tasty product. In the middle of the last century, freeze-dried products were produced by research institutes for the needs of astronauts. A little later, these products entered the diet of geologists and tourists. Today, freeze-dried does not mean expensive. Thus, in the USA, a movement is becoming increasingly popular, the main motto of which is the assertion that sublimates are a healthier food.
Technology
Converting a product from regular to freeze-dried is not as simple as it seems at first glance. Special conditions must be met. So, food is frozen to the lowest possible temperatures, the water becomes ice, but the crystals do not destroy the cell walls. After this, the products are placed in vacuum chambers, where under the influence of low pressure the ice evaporates, turning into steam. At the same time, only 3-4% moisture remains in the product. Then the finished product is packaged in an airtight container by injecting nitrogen. Thanks to this, freeze-dried products are less susceptible to rotting. This processing process can be carried out at home, but an alternative method of preserving food will require more effort.
Advantages of processing technology
- Freeze-dried means not subject to heat treatment, that is, it is a product that has almost completely retained all the nutritional properties of a fresh product. It even retains its unique taste and special appearance.
- The technology does not use any artificial additives that enhance the taste. Thus, freeze-dried beet juices are much tastier than freshly squeezed ones - their taste properties are already quite pronounced. Therefore, such products are used as a basis for baby food.
- Only truly fresh products can withstand this complex processing process, so you can be sure that you are buying quality food.
- Long shelf life.
- During camping trips and long trips, the issue of extra things in bags becomes especially acute. And it becomes impossible to make a balanced diet on the road, because then the bag of groceries will be too heavy to carry. It’s another matter if every product in your luggage is replaced with freeze-dried food. This will not only satisfy the taste preferences of travelers, but will also eliminate unnecessary burdens.
Sublimate coffee
By the way, for connoisseurs of an invigorating drink. This product processing technology is also widely used. Instant coffee has now been slightly improved: freeze-dried coffee has appeared, the price of which is also slightly higher than the usual cost of a jar of instant powder. Dense crystals in the form of pyramids are made using the “hot freezing” technology. But this type of coffee belongs to the elite, because no artificial flavor enhancers are used for its production.
Characteristics of molecular drying products
Freeze-dried berries - what are they and how do those dried by freeze-drying differ from those dried in the traditional way? Because they look the same as fresh ones. Due to the complete preservation of color and shape, they can be mistaken for synthetic, however, if you put them in a cup of water, they will absorb moisture within 10-15 minutes and become juicy, as if they had just been picked from a bush. At the same time, no dye, preservative or flavor was added to the product. The weight of the sublimate, accordingly, is several times less than that of a non-dehydrated product.
The disadvantages of this processing method include very high energy consumption. Firstly, this is the creation of a high vacuum, and secondly, the need for very careful initial processing.
Freud's teachings
Sigmund Freud believed that through sublimation, a person tries to redirect sexual desire. In his view, human consciousness used sublimation as a defense mechanism, protecting itself from rash actions. It allowed a person to redirect his energy in a different direction, thus hiding his true desires. Freud perceived the process of sublimation as something correct and positive.
Nowadays, sublimation is perceived much more widely than Freud believed. If his methods presented sublimation as an attempt to get rid of sexual desire, then modern psychologists look much deeper. Nowadays, this phenomenon is perceived as an attempt to redirect energy in another direction. There are several common examples.
Examples
- A person engaged in surgery may actually be hiding his sadistic desires. In this way, he sublimates forbidden desires into useful channels and helps people.
- A person experiencing sexual desire and a constant desire for intimate relationships may prefer creative activities.
Sublimation has a positive effect on a person. Thus, a person does not suppress internal desires, but gives the opportunity to express them in a different form. The main function of sublimation is not the suppression of desires, but the ability to realize them in a more acceptable version.
Excessive aggressiveness can become a serious problem for a person. But the ability to sublimate it in another direction greatly simplifies the situation.
An aggressive person prefers to play sports. Such a person can also be very cruel and harsh in his upbringing.
The benefits of this phenomenon
However, as mentioned above, a person may not even realize his true desires. A person who is unable to fulfill true desires subconsciously tries to fulfill them in a different way. What are the positive aspects of sublimation? She has a unique way of transforming negative desires into more acceptable and permissible ones. A person not only achieves what he wants, but also does not violate generally accepted norms and frameworks.
To summarize, sublimation is a defense mechanism used by the human subconscious. In this way, a person gets rid of internal tension and redirects it in a more positive direction. Suffering from negative desires, a person can express them in a completely different way.
According to Freud, human civilization arose precisely through the process of sublimation. Thus, man found a way to direct his energy in a creative direction. According to psychologists, an impressive number of works of art are the fruit of sublimation.
According to many psychoanalysts, most of the works of art were created by the authors at a time of serious failures on the personal front, disappointments and unfulfilled sexual desires. For example, rejected love or a failed romance.
Freud goes much further and gives the example of Leonardo Da Vinci. This man achieved truly unimaginable heights, becoming not only a brilliant artist, but also an excellent engineer, talented and scientist. Da Vinci achieved too much for one person, but he was never interested in sexual relations.
Freud believed that in this way Leonardo sought to overcome his libido. He transferred his energy into a completely different direction, and with its help created brilliant works of art.
It should be noted that Freud considered himself a clear example of sublimation. He believed that he sublimates his energy into work, and that is why he is distinguished by such efficiency. It is known that Sigmund Freud adhered to Jewish morality, which argued that sexual relations are necessary only for the continuation of the human race.
Having analyzed most of the various works, you can easily discern the connection between the main character and the author himself. Being deeply dissatisfied with his life, and experiencing some kind of disappointment in life, the author sought to fulfill his dreams in this way. This could be a separation from a loved one or rejected feelings. Fantasy allowed the authors to come up with what they so lacked in real life.
Psychoanalysis often refers to sublimation as a change in mental states. Being in a depressed state, in despair, a person strives to create something good and beautiful.
T. Adorno assumed that people try to sublimate their true desires when watching television. He believed that the true essence of a person can be examined by studying a person's personal preferences. For example, a person who does not accept violence and cruelty in real life may prefer programs with similar content. Thus, a person strives to give an outlet to daily problems, constant stressful experiences and worries. In television programs, he sees some kind of reassurance.
A monotonous and boring life can only bring disappointment to a person. Trying to diversify their leisure time, and find some meaning in their existence, as well as get rid of constant problems, a person gives preference to TV and the Internet. In this way he strives to fill the need for new experiences.
For example, psychologists imply that people who prefer detective stories actually have a higher propensity to commit crimes. By watching such programs, they sublimate their true desires. Thus, the number of actual crimes decreases. After all, people find a way to spend negative energy through television.
Freeze-dried coffee
At the beginning of the last century, the technology for producing instant and then lyophilized coffee was invented.
Produced by sublimation, or freeze-dried coffee, what does this mean? This means coffee made from coffee extract that has been first frozen and then vacuum dehydrated. Instant coffee is obtained from the extract by evaporation without freezing and without the use of a vacuum. Freeze-dried coffee, or, as it is commonly called, “freeze-dried”, is much more expensive than instant coffee. Subsequently, it was from sublimated that they began to make granular. Coffee lovers still prefer natural beans. The fact is that when sublimated or when making instant coffee, it largely loses the aroma for which it is so valued. Initially, this technology for processing coffee beans was ordered for the needs of the American army, because in the trenches it is inconvenient to grind beans and brew a drink in a Turk. The need for a product that did not require complex preparation and increased tone was great.
So, freeze-dried coffee, what does it mean? This means that a drink made from beans processed by sublimation still gives vigor, but does not delight with the authentic coffee aroma and is quite expensive, although the cheapest and unpopular varieties are used for the production of freeze-dried and instant coffee. The best coffee is sold in beans.
What should you choose?
If we compare soluble and sublimated, the latter has a significant amount of beneficial components. The first type does not give anything to the body. Gourmets do not accept this variety at all. They believe that a real drink should be prepared from fresh, properly roasted grains.
Freeze-dried coffee differs from classic coffee. It has enough benefits, less harm. It is chosen by people who do not want to spend time preparing grains. When buying a jar of sublimate, you can count on approximate qualities of natural ones.
If you are not supposed to drink coffee due to your health, but want to feel that wide range of sensations, it is better to buy freeze-dried coffee.
Using sublimate in cooking
We can make an unambiguous conclusion that freeze-dried is a product that helps out in many situations and makes it very easy to solve many problems. You can prepare a lot of different dishes from freeze-dried fruits and berries. They can be used whole, or you can grind them in a blender and use the powder. It is used to color and flavor creams and biscuits.
Whole berries are added to pie fillings, porridges, and healthy drinks are made from them. For example, tea with freeze-dried raspberries for colds is much more beneficial than jam or dried leaves of this plant. In our Russian natural conditions, it is not so easy to preserve berries collected during the season. We cannot dry it in the sun, as they do in Central Asia - the temperature is not the same, and when cooking compotes or jams, as well as freezing in a regular refrigerator, most of the beneficial substances are lost.
Freeze-dried berries, fruits and vegetables are very good for baby food. They can be ground and introduced into the diet in small portions.
How to use
With the help of sublimation you can get rid of negative energy. Switching to creativity allows you to distract yourself and do something. Therefore, it helps fight depression and other problems.
Examples from life
When reading books or listening to music, people are hooked by certain phrases that inspire. Quotes from famous personalities help a person decide to do something.
In order to imagine what sublimation is, you need to look at a simple example: a person has a quarrel with someone, but he cannot fight. In this case, he goes to the gym.
Artist at work
To understand sublimation, examples from psychology help to see the features of the process. Some consciously try to switch, as the release helps ease the tension, or even remove it altogether. Otherwise, a person’s negative attitude will literally look like a stamp on his face.
Popular coffee brands and prices in stores
Among the offered assortment, most coffee lovers choose such manufacturers as:
- Jardin is a Russian brand that produces a drink from different varieties of Arabica. Coffee with pleasant acidity and creamy chocolate taste. You can buy freeze-dried coffee in soft packaging and glass jars. The average price is 200 rubles. for 100 g.
- Carte Noire is premium natural freeze-dried coffee from an American manufacturer. It has a slight bitterness and the aroma of freshly ground coffee. Cost - 550 rub. for one jar.
- Jacobs is a high-quality product with a tart taste and rich aroma, made from selected coffee beans. The average price is not higher than 300 rubles. for 100 g.
- Tchibo Exclusive is a blend of Arabica and Robusta. The finished drink is rich and soft, has an invigorating aroma with chocolate notes. The average price is 250 rubles. per package.
- Nescafe is a manufacturer of instant coffee. You can purchase it in either transparent glass or convenient soft packaging. The granules are light brown in color, with a subtle caramel aroma. Cost about 250 rubles. for 100 g.
When choosing coffee, price is not always an indicator of quality, because sometimes expensive coffee can turn out to be tasteless and even dangerous. The main sign of low quality products is the presence of powder among even pieces in the packaging - this indicates an incorrect technology for preparing the sublimate.
